Phrinta Imiklamo Yakho: Amathiphu Abalulekile Namasu Okufanele Uwazi
Ukucatshangelwa Kwenqubo Yokuklama
Isikhala Sombala
Uma uklama endaweni yedijithali, indawo yombala ezenzakalelayo yi-RGB, enikeza imibala ehlukahlukene ehlukahlukene. Nokho, ububanzi bemibala yenqubo yeyinki yemibala emine ye-CMYK esetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni ukuphrinta bunomkhawulo kakhulu. Ukuqinisekisa okuthambile nge-CMYK kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi umklamo wakho uzovela kanjani ekuphrintiwe futhi ulungise okulindele ngokufanele. Ukwengeza, ukulinganisa imonitha yakho kubalulekile ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi okubonayo kufana nalokho okuphrintwa yiphrinta yakho.
Nakuba amanani emibala engadluliswa kuwo wonke umhlaba ngamasistimu afana ne-Pantone Matching System, ukuzuza ukufaniswa kombala okunembile kungase kudinge ukwengezwa kwemibala yamabala kunqubo ye-CMYK. Imibala yamabala ivamise ukusetshenziswa ekusetheni imibala emi-2 ezintweni ezifana namakhadi ebhizinisi, kodwa ukufaka umbala wesihlanu ebangeni lethoni eliphelele kuyimfuneko ebalulekile futhi kungabiza. Ezincwadini, imibala yangokwezifiso ngokuvamile itholakala kuphela kuma-oda we-offset.
I-DPI ne-PPI
Abaklami bedijithali sebenza ngamaphikseli, kuyilapho amaphrinta esebenza ngamachashazi iyintshi ngayinye (DPI). Izikrini zokucaca okuphezulu (ezifana nezibonisi ze-Retina) ziziphatha ngendlela ehlukile kunephepha. Umehluko oyisisekelo ubukhulu nesikali. Emhlabeni wokuphrinta, into ayiwona amaphikseli angu-800 ububanzi; Ingamayintshi angu-8. Amaphikseli noma amaphoyinti amelela ukuminyana, hhayi isilinganiso. Kunezici ezihlukahlukene ezithonya ukuminyana okudingekayo, njengosayizi womkhiqizo, ibanga lokubuka kanye nemininingwane yokuklama.
Ukuphrinta izincwadi, i-300 dpi iyindinganiso, kodwa kumabhodi ezikhangiso, i-100 dpi ingase yanele ngenxa yebanga lokubuka. Uma ukhetha izithombe futhi uthumela amafayela, qiniseka ukuthi alingana nosayizi wokuphrinta ohlosiwe. Izithombe ezine-dpi ephansi zizobukeka zingezinhle uma ziphrinta zibe zinkulu kunezivela esikrinini. Cabangela ukulingana nokuthungwa komkhiqizo womzimba phakathi nenqubo yokuklama ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi okuqukethwe kufanelekile.
Idizayini yezinto ezibonakalayo
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi udala into ephathekayo ezohlanganiswa ngokomzimba. Lapho uklama incwadi, ukuqondanisa okuqukethwe ku-gutter kungaba inselele. Ukudizayina esibukweni esiyisicaba kwenza kube nzima ukubikezela ukuthi ukugoqa kwekhasi noma ijika lekhava kuzothinta kanjani ukwakheka. Ngisho nemihlahlandlela yokopha nokusikwa, azikho iziqinisekiso eziphelele. Lapho udala isakhiwo sakho, cabangela isimo somzimba sezincwadi zakho. Izozizwa kanjani esandleni somfundi uma umfundi engakwazi ukuyibeka phansi ngokuphelele? Uzivumelanisa kanjani nendlela amehlo akho ahamba ngayo endaweni ebonakalayo?
Amaphutha Amahlanu Amakhulu Abaklami Abawenza Ukuphrinta Amadokhumenti
1. Yehlulekile ukufaka imigqa yokopha. Lapho uthumela idokhumenti kuphrinta, kufanele ifake imigqa yokopha ukuze ivumele iphrinta ukuthi ibambe indawo yokuphrinta njengoba idlula. I-plug-in ye-Blurb ye-Adobe InDesign isetha ngokuzenzakalelayo i-artboard enemigqa edingekayo yokopha. Nokho, uma usebenzisa isofthiwe ehlukile, qiniseka ukuthi ifayela lakho liqukethe okungenani u-3 mm noma amayintshi angu-0.25 okopha lapho uklama umkhawulo wekhasi.
2. Okukhipha ifayela nezilungiselelo ze-RIP. Uma idizayini yakho ihlanganisa ukubonisa ngale, ama-gradient, noma izithunzi, kubalulekile ukubuza iphrinta yakho mayelana nezilungiselelo zayo ezincanyelwayo. Iphrinta ngayinye isebenzisa i-raster image processor (RIP) ehlukile, ethinta indlela etolika ngayo idatha ku-PDF futhi ikhiqize iphrojekthi. Nakuba lokhu kusebenza kuzo zonke izinto eziphrintiwe, ukucaca, ukufiphaza, nama-gradients ombala kungaba inselele ikakhulukazi. Ukuphathwa ngendlela engafanele kwalezi zici kumafayela wokuphrinta kungaholela ekuphumeni okungalindelekile. Qiniseka ukuthi amafayela akho okuphrinta ahambisana nephrinta yakho ethile ukuze ugweme amaphutha.
3. Ukukhetha ifonti. Uma kubhekwa ukuthi izikrini zethu zingabonisa imininingwane emihle kakhulu kunoyinki namaphepha amaningi, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukukhetha kwakho kwefonti ngokucophelela. Ngokungeziwe enkingeni yokunikezwa kwelayisense yefonti, kubalulekile futhi ukuqinisekisa ukwakheka kwefonti yakho. Qiniseka ukuthi ifonti oyikhethayo nosayizi wayo kuhlala kufundeka ngemva kokuphrinta. Amaphrinta amaningi anokubekezelela okuthile, futhi amafonti angaphansi kwamaphoyinti angu-6 noma ama-stroke nama-serif angaphansi kwephoyinti elingu-1 angase angabonakali ngenxa yokuthungwa kwe-inki nephepha. Hlola imihlahlandlela yephrinta yakho ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uhlangabezana nezimfuneko zayo kusukela ekuqaleni.
4. Uhlaka. Lapho kubhalwa incwadi, amakhasi anyatheliswa ngawodwa, ahlanganiswe, bese ayasikwa. Ukufinyelela umngcele ohambisana ngokuphelele nomkhawulo wekhasi ngesikhathi sokuphrinta nokuhlanganisa kuyinselele futhi kungaholela ekuhlukeni kwekhasi nekhasi nokukopisha-ukukopisha. Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukuthi wenza iphutha ohlangothini lokuqaphela futhi ugweme nokusebenzisa imingcele encike ekuqondaneni konqenqema lwekhasi.
5.Ingqikithi Ye-Ink Coverage (TIC). Ngokufana nanoma iyiphi inqubo yokuphrinta ngokomzimba, kunemikhawulo yemvelo okufanele icatshangelwe. Ukuthungwa kanye ne-viscosity ye-inki inquma ukuthi isetshenziswa kanjani nokuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukoma. Amaphepha anemikhawulo ye-absorbency, okusho ukuthi angakwazi ukubamba inani elithile likayinki ngaphandle kokukhubazeka noma ukulahlekelwa ukucaca. Ukwengeza, iphrinta ikhawulelwe enanini likayinki elingalikhipha ngaphambi kokuba inhloko yokuphrinta iguge noma kwenzeke ukugcwala kwephepha.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi nakuba imonitha yakho ingase ibonise okumnyama okujulile nemibala egqamile, ukuphindaphinda lokhu ephepheni kungaba inselele. Enqubweni yokuphrinta ye-CMYK, kunomkhawulo wokufakwa kweyinki isiyonke, ngokuvamile ayidluli ku-300% yayo yonke imibala. Isibonelo, iphrinta ingaphrinta 100% cyan, 100% magenta, kanye no-100% ophuzi, noma 50% cyan, 100% magenta, 50% ophuzi, no-100% omnyama. Lapho uklama umbala nokufiphaza, kufanele ukukhumbule lokhu futhi ubeke kuqala ukugcwaliswa kwesikhala ngokusekelwe ekubalulekeni kombala.
Indlela ephumelela kakhulu iwukuba nengxoxo ebanzi nochwepheshe wakho wokunyathelisa. Kulula ukungazinaki izinkimbinkimbi zobuchwepheshe ezihilelekile ekunyatheliseni umklamo, ikakhulukazi esikhathini sokuphrinta kwedijithali lapho inqubo isibe lula kakhulu. Akuyona nje indaba yokucindezela inkinobho, ngokunaka ngokucophelela umsebenzi wakho ungasebenzisa ubuciko obuhle bokuklama izithombe kanye nobuciko bomklamo omuhle wokuphrinta.